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These types of roofs have special requirements. Unlike steep-sloped roofs, which rely on gravity to shed water, flat roofs depend on drains and a waterproof membrane. Flat roofs are not completely flat either, they are better referred to as "low-slope" as even flat roofs require at least 1/4" of slope per foot so that water can flow downhill to drains and then to the ground.

Roofs that are not flat and have pitches, or slopes. The standard way to describe the slope is by the number of feet the roof rises vertically (called the rise) for every twelve horizontal feet (called the run). Roofing materials come in various and unequal types thus some are suitable only for steep roofs. The most common pitched roof material is asphalt shingles, which are suitable for roofs down to a slope of two.